介绍北京的英文导游词

Ladies and gentlemen
welcome to the Great Wall. Starting out in the east on the banks of the Yale river in
Leaning Province, the Wall stretches westwards for 12, 700 kilometers to Jiayuguan in the
Gobi desert, thus known as the Ten Thousand Li Wall in China. The Wall climbs up and
down, twists and turns along the ridges of the Yanshan and Yinshan Mountain Chains
through five provinces-Liaoning, Hebei, Shanxi, Shaanxi, and Gansu and two
autonomous regions--Ningxia and Inner Mongolia, binding the northern China
together
Historical records trace the construction of the origin of the Wall to defensive
fortification back to the year 656 B C. during the reign of King Cheng of the States of Chu
Its construction continued throughout the Warring States period in the fifth Century B C
Walls, then, was built separately by these ducal states to ward off such harassments. Later
in 221 B C. The most extensive reinforcements and renovations were carried out in the
Ming dynasty(1368-1644)when altogether 18 lengthy stretches were reinforced with
bricks and rocks. it is mostly the Ming Dynasty Wall that visitors see today
The great Wall is divided into two sections the east and west, with shanxi Province
the dividing line. The west part is a rammed earth construction, about 5.3 meters high on
average. In the eastern part, the core of the Wall is rammed earth as well, but the outer
shell is reinforced with bricks and rocks. The most imposing and best preserved sections of
the Great Wall are at Badaling and mutianyu, not far from Beijing and both are open to
visitors
The Wall of those sections is 7.8 meters high and 6.5 meters wide at its base
narrowing to 5.8 meters on the ramparts, wide enough for five horses to gallop abreast
Two-storied watch-towers are built at approximately 400-meters internals. The top stories
of the watch-tower were designed for observing enemy movements, while the first was
used for storing grain, fodder, military equipment and gunpowder as well as for quartering
garrison soldiers. The highest watch-tower at Badaling standing on a hill-top, is reached
only after a steep climb, like"climbing a ladder to heaven
There stand 14 major passes(Guan, in Chinese)at places of strategic importance along
the Great Wall, the most important being Shanghaiguan and Jiayuguan. Yet the most
impressive one is Juyongguan, about 50 kilometers northwest of Beijing
Known as"Tian Xia Di YI Guan"(The First PaUnder Heaven), Shanghaiguan Pa
situated between two sheer cliffs forming a neck connecting north China with the
northeast. It had been, therefore, a key junction contested by all strategists and many
famous battles were fought here. It was the gate of Shanghaiguan that the Ming general
u Sangui opened to the Manchu army to supprethe peasant rebellion led by Li Zicheng
and so surrendered the whole ming empire to the Manchus, leading to the foundation of
the Qing Dynasty. (1644-1911)
As a cultural heritage, the Wall belongs not only to China but to the world. The Venice
harter says: " Historical and cultural architecture not only includes the individual
architectural works but also the urban or rural environment that witnessed certain
ivilizations, significant social developments or historical events. The Great Wall is the
rgest of such historical and cultural architecture, and that is why it continues to be so
attractive to people all over the world. In 1987, the Wall was listed by UNESCO as a world
cultural heritage sit
 
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